KATHMANDU: Holi, the festival of colors, is one of the most widely celebrated festivals in Nepal, India, and around the world. It’s a time for joy, fun, and spreading happiness, but it can also pose certain health risks if not approached with caution.

The vibrant colors used during Holi celebrations are often made from a variety of chemical substances that can lead to skin reactions, eye irritation, and other health issues.

This article explores the potential reactions caused by Holi colors and provides tips on how to stay safe while celebrating this colorful festival.

Common Reactions to Holi Colors

Skin Allergies: Skin allergies or allergic contact dermatitis are the most common reactions to Holi colors. Some artificial colors used during the festival contain chemicals like lead oxide, mercury, and asbestos, which can cause rashes, itching, and irritation.

In extreme cases, the skin may erupt in blisters, and those with sensitive skin or conditions like eczema may experience flare-ups.

Eye Irritation: Eye irritation is another common issue during Holi. The powdered colors can easily get into the eyes, causing redness, itchiness, and swelling. In some cases, chemicals used in synthetic colors can lead to more serious conditions like conjunctivitis (pink eye).

Hair Damage: Holi colors, particularly powders, can damage hair by dehydrating it and making it brittle. Most commercial colors contain artificial dyes, which strip hair of its natural oils, leading to breakage or color changes. The chemicals in the colors can also irritate the scalp.

Respiratory Problems: The dust from dry colors, especially those with artificial dyes, can cause respiratory issues. People with asthma or pre-existing respiratory conditions are particularly vulnerable. Coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing can result from inhaling the dust.

Toxic Reactions: The use of harmful chemicals in artificial Holi colors can sometimes lead to more severe toxic effects. If ingested, inhaled in large quantities, or applied to open wounds, these colors can cause poisoning, nausea, headaches, dizziness, or even organ damage in extreme cases.

How to stay safe during Holi

While Holi is a time of celebration, it’s important to prioritize safety while playing with colors. Here are some precautions to protect yourself and others from the potential dangers of Holi colors:

Protect your skin: Before playing with colors, apply a generous amount of oil (such as coconut or olive oil) or a rich moisturizer to your skin. This creates a barrier between your skin and the color, making it easier to wash off later. Wearing full-sleeved shirts and long pants can also reduce skin exposure.

Stay hydrated and keep your hair healthy: Drink plenty of water before, during, and after the celebration to stay hydrated. Colors tend to dry out your skin, and hydration helps maintain skin health. To protect your hair, tie it up or cover it with a scarf or cap. If your hair is colored, wash it immediately with a mild shampoo to prevent damage.

Wear protective eyewear: To protect your eyes from toxic chemicals in Holi colors, it’s a good idea to wear protective eyewear or goggles. This will shield your eyes from powders or liquids that could irritate or infect them. Avoid touching your eyes after coming into contact with colors, as it can transfer harmful chemicals.

Take care of pets and children: While it may be tempting to include pets and children in the celebration, keep in mind that synthetic dyes can be harmful to them. Do not apply chemical-based colors to children or pets, as they are more susceptible to allergic reactions and respiratory issues.

Avoid using colors near the eyes: Be cautious when applying color around the face, especially near the eyes, nose, and lips. If any color enters your eyes, flush them immediately with clear water and seek medical help if irritation persists.

Wash off colors immediately:
After the celebration, wash off the colors from your skin and hair using lukewarm water and a gentle soap. Avoid scrubbing your skin too hard, as this can cause irritation. If there’s any skin irritation, apply a soothing lotion or aloe vera gel.

Seek medical attention for severe reactions: If you or someone nearby experiences serious reactions such as difficulty breathing, swelling, severe itching, or blistering, seek medical attention immediately. Do not ignore severe symptoms, as some reactions may require prompt treatment.