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Minimum rainfall this winter due to climate change in Nepal

Implementing nature conservation tactics is crucial to resist the devastating effects of climate change in Nepal.


Nepalnews
2023 Feb 12, 13:30, Kathmandu
Ice coats a cave in the Eagle Glacier on Sunday, Feb. 14, 2021, in Juneau, Alaska. Photo: AP

With minimal rainfall, less snowfall, and depletion of water reservoirs, Nepal is facing acute consequences of climate change from early on in 2023. This winter, there has been little rainfall in Nepal, especially in the Himalayas leading to less snowfall in the mountains. Snowfall has been decreasing every year in Nepal due to temperature rise and climate change. This way Nepal’s glaciers will melt at an even faster pace.

Less snowfall is disrupting farming in the Himalayan region, as snowfalls before would act as natural water reservoirs. This helped greatly in the irrigation process and crop development however there is much difficulty for crop development now as snowfall has become minimum.

It is well known that Nepal is one of the most prone regions in the world regards to climate change. The Ministry of Forest and Environment Nepal (MOFE), recognizes climate change as a serious threat to the country’s health system, agricultural production, tourism, economy, and society as a whole. To formulate and effectively implement climate change policies in Nepal, research in the context of Nepal is very important. However, there is a huge research gap in Nepal surrounding the effects of climate change. “We have very limited data available on climate change in Nepal, even though Nepal is one of the most vulnerable countries for climate change in the world,” says environment expert and chief research officer at the Nepal Health Research Council, Dr. Meghnath Dhimal. He stresses that scientists should be honored and prioritized by the government so that they can represent themselves in international conferences keeping forward the interests of Nepal.

A man stands near the Jianggudiru Glacier on Geladaindong Mountain, in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, September 1, 2006. REUTERS/Stringer ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS PROVIDED BY A THIRD PARTY. EDITORIAL USE ONLY. CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA.       TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY      - S1AETIQSRPAB
A man stands near the Jianggudiru Glacier on Geladaindong Mountain, in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, September 1, 2006. REUTERS/Stringer ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS PROVIDED BY A THIRD PARTY. EDITORIAL USE ONLY. CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA. TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY - S1AETIQSRPAB

The Government of Nepal, initiated the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) in September 2015 to develop medium and long-term adaptation strategies to combat climate change. The Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) has supported the NAP formulation process by studying and publishing a report in June 2017 on climatic change trends in Nepal. The report reveals that the temperature is expected to continuously increase throughout the 21st century, which is becoming a huge danger for Nepal. “Snowfall is decreasing every year in the Himalayan region of Nepal while the temperature there is steadily increasing,” says Ruby Shrestha, environment health expert and a participant at the NHRC climate change event. “Despite awareness programs effectively in place in Nepal, the lack of research-generated evidence is preventing Nepal from adopting climate change policies," she adds.

In addition to the spread of diseases like Malaria and Dengue in high-altitude regions of Nepal, climate-induced migration is also becoming an observable phenomenon in Nepal, due to unlivable places created by extreme weather scenarios.

To resist the damaging effects of climate change taking place in Nepal, there is a need to produce low climate-warming greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide on a huge scale. Alternating towards renewable energies can help prevent the exhaustion of fossil fuels. However, nature preservation is crucial to the construction of a healthy environment. Nepal receives aid from multiple international donors to combat climate change in Nepal however nature conservation is often neglected in the aid-giving process globally. Only 3% of global climate funding is currently directed towards nature protection, and restoration of forests, mangroves, and peatlands.

Collaborating with the indigenous people is extremely important in launching initiatives to conserve nature in Nepal. Indigenous people living in Nepal are directly connected to nature and natural resources in sustaining their livelihoods. Indigenous people have long lived in harmony with the natural environment, but the impacts of climate change have made a significant impact on their livelihoods of the indigenous people. However, they are not just victims of climate change they are the ones who greatly help combat it.

There is a very strong presence of indigenous communities in Nepal, which is a great strength for Nepal in conserving nature as indigenous people hold great knowledge about the conservation of natural resources and how to use them by not exploiting them to an extent that the natural resources become scarce for the upcoming generations.

Indigenous people in Nepal have inherited the knowledge of conserving the natural environment through their ancestry. The United Nations study conducted in Nepal reveals the lack of national policy and legislation emphasizing indigenous issues. As leasehold Forestry Policy (2002) and 10th Forest Action Plan (2002-2007) and Forest Act 1993 are silent in the case of indigenous peoples. Other acts formulated by the Government in the past, also do not include the rights and roles of the indigenous people in their native lands for the conservation of nature. Nepal can utilize its strengths such as the significant presence of the indigenous population and locally available traditional technologies to combat climate change through amplifying nature preservation.


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climate change less snowfall water reservoirs nepal Mountains Crops Himalayan Ministry of Forest and Environment Nepal MOFE Department of Hydrology and Meteorology DHM
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